Primary source accounts of the massacre and subsequent trials are numerous.<\/p>\n
Chapter 6 of Grif Stockley\u2019s book, Race Relations in the Natural State<\/em>, provides an accessible overview of the Elaine Massacre, which can be used as a secondary source background reading. The Encyclopedia of Arkansas entry on Elaine is also a good starting place, as are the essays on this website and the Smithsonian Magazine Article \u201cThe Elaine 12.\u201d<\/a> High school teachers might compare these more recent accounts with earlier secondary sources, such as Ida B. Wells-Barnett\u2019s The Arkansas Race Riot<\/em><\/a>(1920), and O.A. Rogers, Jr.\u2019s article \u201cThe Elaine Race Riots of 1919\u201d<\/a>(1960). How do the secondary sources tell the story? What sources do they use? What do they say caused the massacre? Who was involved and why? What were the effects?<\/p>\n Students might also compare these sources with the Wikipedia entry<\/a>, and evaluate its accuracy. Discuss language, and have students determine whether this event should be termed a \u201crace riot,\u201d \u201cmassacre\u201d or something different. Why might the language matter, and to whom?<\/p>\n Several secondary media sources also address the Elaine Massacre, and are easily accessible for teachers and students. The Winthrop Rockefeller Foundation produced educational materials and a video for classroom use, narrated by Ossie Davis. The video is available on YouTube in two parts.<\/p>\n The Elaine Race Riot: Tragedy & Triumph, part 1<\/a><\/p>\n The Elaine Race Riot: Tragedy & Triumph, part 2<\/a><\/p>\n A brief video produced by Little Rock television station KATV<\/a> provides an overview and interview with author Grif Stockley. Similarly, a 2017 news report from Northwest Arkansas station KNWA <\/a>introduces the topic.<\/p>\n More recently, the New York Post<\/i> produced a shorter video, part of their Dark History series, entitled Elaine Massacre: The Bloodiest Racial Conflict in U.S. History<\/a>.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t![\"Author](\"https:\/\/ualrexhibits.org\/elaine\/files\/2019\/02\/Ida.B.WellsTheArkansasRaceRiot_Page_61.jpg\" "\\"Ida")
\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\tAuthor page featuring the portrait of Ida B. Wells-Barnett from her 1920 publication “The Arkansas Race Riot.”\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t![\"Cover](\"https:\/\/ualrexhibits.org\/elaine\/files\/2019\/02\/Ida.B.WellsTheArkansasRaceRiot_Page_01.jpg\" "\\"Ida")
\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\tCover of Ida B. Wells-Barnett’s “The Arkansas Race Riot”, published 1920. Image courtesy of the University of Louisville.\n\tArkansas Social Studies Frameworks<\/h4>\nUnited States History Since 1890<\/strong>
\nEra7.1.USH.2<\/a> Evaluate social, economic, and political motives for and impact of the involvement of the United States in World War I using multiple primary and secondary sources\nArkansas History grades 7-8<\/strong>
\nH.7.AH.7-8.6<\/a> Investigate social, economic, and political effects of World War I and World War II on various segments of the population in Arkansas \nArkansas History grades 9-12<\/strong>
\nEra4.4.AH.9-12.3<\/a> Evaluate effects of World War I on Arkansans using a variety of primary and secondary sources
\nEra4.4.AH.9-12.2<\/a> Analyze economic developments in Arkansas during the early 20th century \nSociology<\/strong>
\nSI.7.S.1<\/a> Examine factors that lead to social inequality
\nSI.7.S.2<\/a> Analyze various responses to inequality from multiple perspectives using primary and secondary sources \nAfrican American History<\/strong>
\nHJC.4.AAH.2<\/a> Analyze various experiences of African American men and women during the Jim Crow time period from a variety of perspectives using primary and secondary sources
\nSC.5.AAH.3<\/a> Analyze social, economic, and political actions of African Americans in the early 20th century\n