From the Cherokee Nation: Proclamation of Chief John Ross – Object #1

From the Cherokee Nation: Proclamation of Chief John Ross

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<p>Washington, D.C. newspaper, Evening Star reports on a proclamation delivered by Cherokee Nation Chief John Ross. With America in the early stages of the Civil War, both the Union and Confederacy hoped to gain the allegiance of Indian nations.</p>

Report of a proclamation delivered by Cherokee Nation Chief John Ross in the Washington, D.C. newspaper, Evening Star, June 1861

 

 

Excerpts

FROM THE CHEROKEE NATION.
Proclamation of the Chief, John Ross.
Jefferson City, June 25 – Several persons arrived here to-day from Southern Missouri. One of whom brings proclamation issued by John Ross, of the Cherokee Nation. Rev. T. 0 Anua, a Missionary among them, left Telpiaho on the 5th of June, and reports that Ben McCulloch and Albert Pike, of Arkansas, had been there urging the Chief to reconsider the petition taken in his proclamation, but they failed in their object, and had left for the Creek Nation, hoping to get aid for the rebel cause. Captin Pike had as escort of seventy-five men. Mr. Pierce, Paymaster of the Iowa regiments, was at Booneville.
The following is the proclamation relative to the affairs pending among the people of the several States:
I, John Ross, Principal Chief, hereby issue this, my proclamation, to the people of the Cherokee Nation, reminding them of the obligations waiting under their treaties with the United States and urging them to the faithful observance of said treaties, and peace and friendship toward the people of all the States. The better to attain these important ends, I earnestly impress on all my fellow-citizens the propriety of attending to their ordinary avocations, and to abstain from political discussions of the events transpiring in the States and from partisan demonstrations in regard to the same. They should not be alarmed with false reports thrown into circulation by designing more, but cultivate harmony among themselves, and observe good faith and strict neutrality between the States threatened with civil war. With these means alone can the Cherokee people hope to maintain their own rights unimpaired, and to have their own soil and firesides spared from the hateful effects of devastating war. There has not been a declaration of war between the opposing parties, and the conflict may yet be avoided with a compromise or a peaceable separation.
The peculiar circumstances of their condition admonish the Cherokees to the exercise of prudence, in regard to a state of affairs to the existence of which they have in no way contributed, and they should avoid the performance of any act or adoption of any policy calculated to destroy or endanger their territorial and civil rights. With an honest adherence to this course, they can give no just cause for aggression or invasion, nor any pretense for making their country the scene of military oppression, and will be in a situation to claim all their rights in the final adjustments that will take place between the several States.
For these reasons I earnestly urge on the Cherokee people the importance of non-interference with the people of the States, and the observance of unswerving neutrality between them. Trusting that God will not only keep from our own borders the desolation of war but that He will, in His infinite mercy and honor, stay its ravages among the brotherhood of the States.
Given under my hand at the Exchange Office, at Park Hill, this 17th day of May 1861.
John Ross, Principal Chief.

 

 

Questions:

In his proclamation, Ross urges his people to remain neutral as Civil War grows around them. What reason does he give for this neutral position?

In paragraph one, the author states that “Ben McCullough and Albert Pike of Arkansas had been there urging the Chief to reconsider”. For what reason would McCullough and Pike hope to sway Chief Ross?

How does Ross hope the conflict between the states will be resolved?

Citations

“From the Cherokee Nation.” Evening Star. (Washington, D.C.), 28 June 1861. Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Library of Congress.